Aplastic Anemia is a rare autoimmune disease, in which the body fails to produce enough new blood cells. In the bone marrow, the stem cells are responsible in order to produce the new blood cells.
Aplastic Anemia may lead the patient towards all types of blood cell deficiency including Platelets, Red Blood Cells, and White Blood Cells.
Due to the Aplastic Anemia, there could be bone marrow damage, which may be present from birth or occur due to chemotherapy, radiation exposure, drugs or toxic chemicals.
The symptoms of Aplastic Anemia may appear slowly or quickly including:
• Frequent Infections
• Fatigue
• Pain Skin
• Bleeding
• Bruising
• Tiredness
• Increased Heart Rate
• Shortness of Blood
Also, people may experience a few more terms such as dizziness, red spots, fever, nosebleed, rashes, and pallor. If you feel any of these mentioned signs and symptoms immediately contact your doctor so that they may suggest a test named Complete Blood Count.
People in their late teens & the early twenties more likely to get Aplastic Anemia. The risk of having this blood disorder is equivalent to both males and females. It is classified into two terms:
• Inherited Aplastic Anemia: This anemia usually occurs by the gene defects and so common in the younger adults as well as in children.
• Acquired Aplastic Anemia: It most commonly occurs in adults.
Causes of Aplastic Anemia:
Approximately, in one-half cases the cause is unspecified. But a few terms may represent the cause of Aplastic Anemia, which is mentioned as:
• Heredity:
• Exposure of Radiation:
• Immune Disease:
• Exposure of Drugs
• Chemicals Exposure:
Diagnosis of Aplastic Anemia:
People with Aplastic Anemia mainly have fewer blood cells counts. The following are a few tests that can help diagnose Aplastic Anemia.
Bone Marrow Biopsy: In this, doctors uses a needle in order to remove the tiny sample of bone marrow then that tiny sample examines under a microscope to detect blood-related diseases. In the case of Aplastic Anemia, the existence of blood cells is less in the bone marrow.
Blood Test: This test is required in order to found what is the status of Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets. Fewer blood cells count specified Aplastic Anemia.
Medication for Aplastic Anemia:
People with low blood count may get treatment as stem cell transplant or bone marrow transplant. With the help of transplantation, the body starts making the required quantity of blood cells. For this transplantation, the patient needs a donor with an identical blood group.
If your case is not severe then your medical team may suggest antibiotics, anti-fungal medicines also hormones or drugs in order to help your bone marrow to produce new blood cells.
FDA approved medication that is used to treat the Aplastic Anemia is elaborated as:
• Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG):
What is Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (Rabbit)?
Anti-Thymocyte Globulin is a kind of antibodies that are made up of the cells of the rabbit. It is basically used to prevent acute rejection in organ transplant and apart from this, it is also used in the treatment of Aplastic Anemia.
atgam injection (ATG Injection for Aplastic Anemia) is also used just after the transplantation of the kidney.
ATGAM is the brand name of Anti-Thymocyte Globulin, which manufactured by the Pfizer.
Anti-Thymocyte (ATMAG) basically supplied as a 50ml/mg concentrate solution for infusion. ATG dose for a kidney transplant directly depends upon your doctor/physician.
Side Effects of ATMAG: The side effects of this medication are rare but still some people may experience various signs while taking the Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG). Symptoms may occur as:
• Rashes
• Etching
• Joints Pain
• Belly Pain
• Fever, Chills & Cough
• Unusual Hoarseness
• Muscles Pain
• Sore Throat
• Headache
Prognosis of Aplastic Anemia:
The survival rate mainly depends upon the few terms: well bone marrow match, age, good health and positive intent of the patient. In younger people,survival rate is higher.
And the success rate is optimum in such patients who have the matching donor.
The 5 years average survival rate is about 45%, which is possible by modern treatment, such as drugs and stem cell transplant.
Additional Terms: Few things are essential which need to follow carefully.
• Do not share your medicines with anyone.
• Keep all your medicines safe, out of the children as well as pets.
• Do not flush expired or unused medicines rather find out the best way in order to throw.
• If you`re not able to feel good and your health status is getting down continuously, call your doctor.
• Meet your medical team for regular blood & medical checkups.
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